• 2022 BMW 3.0 CSL is a manual, rear-wheel-drive throwback to the 1970s

    BMW is giving enthusiasts something to be very thankful for this Thanksgiving. The company’s M division unveiled a heritage-inspired limited-edition model called 3.0 CSL that was designed as a tribute to the original 3.0 CSL, one of BMW’s most emblematic models.

    Introduced in early 1972 to homologate the E9 in the European Touring Car Championship, the CSL designation stood for “coupé sport leichtbau,” which means “coupe sport lightweight” in German. Fast-forward 50 years, and the born-again CSL stays true to tradition: It’s a coupe, it’s certainly sporty, and we’re promised it’s light thanks to the widespread use of carbon fiber. BMW M stresses that it developed the 3.0 CSL in-house on its own, this is not merely an M4 with a body kit, and it ensured the coupe is street-legal in European markets.

    Visually, the 3.0 CSL looks more like BMW’s modern-day coupes than like its predecessor; this isn’t a full-on retro-styled car with round headlights. However, there are a handful of clear visual links between the two CSLs including flared fenders and quarter panels, a roof-mounted spoiler made with fiberglass-reinforced plastic, and a rear wing shaped like the unit fitted to the original car. As a side note, the 1972 3.0 CSL’s wing earned it the nickname “Batmobile” and wasn’t approved for road use (spoilers were a novelty at the time) so BMW couldn’t deliver the car with it. Instead, the company placed the spoiler in the trunk and asked owners to get it installed on their own.

    Back to the present: Most of the 3.0 CSL’s body panels (including the roof panel, trunk lid, and sills) are made with carbon fiber, and the coupe rides on specific 20-inch front and 21-inch rear center-locking wheels wrapped by tires that Michelin developed specifically for it. The blue, red, and Alpine White livery is a throwback to the 1970s, and it doesn’t sound like BMW will make other color combinations available.

    The cabin looks familiar if you’ve spent time in BMW’s recent models, but there are some cool features scattered throughout. One is the shift knob, which is finished in white and engraved with the shift pattern as well as the number 50. Carbon fiber trim reminds the driver and one passenger of the car’s lightweight construction. We say “one passenger” because there are no rear seats. Instead, the space behind the M carbon bucket front seats is reserved for a storage compartment designed for racing helmets. And while BMW took out a great deal of the sound-deadening material to save weight, the 3.0 CSL offers features like air conditioning and a touchscreen-based infotainment system.

    Power for the 3.0 CSL comes from a 3.0-liter straight-six built with a forged lightweight crankshaft and competition-derived cooling and oil supply systems. The twin-turbocharged engine is related to the unit found in the current-generation M3 and M4, but it’s tuned to develop 560 horsepower and 404 pound-feet of torque; BMW proudly notes this is the most powerful straight-six it has ever put in a street-legal car. The engine spins the rear wheels via a six-speed manual transmission, and you’re out of luck if you want all-wheel drive, an automatic, or both.

    For context, the original 3.0 CSL (shown above) used a naturally-aspirated, 3.2-liter straight-six rated at 206 horsepower and celebrated as BMW M’s most powerful six-cylinder to date. That was a lot of power in that era; a base 2002 shipped with a 100-horsepower engine.

    BMW hasn’t released performance numbers, but the 3.0 CSL should be as quick as it sounds. It should also offer the handling fans expect from an M-branded coupe thanks in part to an Adaptive M suspension system and an electromechanical steering system with a variable ratio. The standard carbon-ceramic braking system includes six-piston front calipers and rotors bigger than the original 3.0 CSL’s wheels.

    Production of the 3.0 CSL is limited to 50 units, a number chosen because BMW M turned 50 in 2022, but none will be officially sold in the United States. Each example will be identified by its serial number engraved into a piece of carbon fiber trim on the passenger’s side of the dashboard and should take about three months to build; many of the carbon fiber parts scattered across the cabin are notably hand-made.

    Haven’t we been here before?

    BMW has used the CSL nameplate several times in the past five decades, but never on a car with a heritage-inspired design; at least not one bound for production. It experimented with the idea of a modern-day 3.0 CSL in 2015 when it introduced a pair of concepts named 3.0 CSL Hommage and 3.0 CSL Hommage R, respectively. Both were arguably closer to the original car in terms of design than the 2022 model.


  • 2020 to 2023-MY Ford & Ram Pickups Recalled


    The Ford F-150 vehicles have a potential visibility issue, while the Ram trucks present a fire risk. - Photo: Ford and Stellantis/Canva

    The Ford F-150 vehicles have a potential visibility issue, while the Ram trucks present a fire risk.

    Photo: Ford and Stellantis/Canva

    Recently, two automakers announced safety recalls for diverse problems on various models that are popular fleet vehicles.

    Ford Motor Company is recalling an estimated 453,650 2021-2022 F-150 vehicles for a visibility issue. Specially, the front windshield wiper motor may become inoperative, causing the wipers to fail.

    Inoperative windshield wipers can reduce the driver’s visibility in certain conditions, increasing the likelihood for a collision.

    To fix the problem, dealers will replace the front windshield wiper motor, at no cost to owners. Owner notification letters will be mailed Jan. 3, 2023. Owners can reach Ford customer service at (866) 436-7332. Ford’s reference number for this recall is 22S71. Ford also notes that this recall expands previous recall number 22V-142.

    Separately, Stellantis is recalling approximately 248,342 2020-2023 Ram 2500 and 2020-2022 Ram 3500 vehicles for a fire risk. Specifically, a build-up of pressure and heat inside the transmission may result in a transmission fluid leak from the dipstick tube.

    This is a hazardous situation, as a leaking transmission fluid may contact an ignition source within the engine compartment, increasing the chances for a fire.

    The remedy for the problem is currently under development, according to the manufacturer. Owner notification letters will be mailed Dec. 30, 2022. Owners may contact Stellantis customer service at (800) 853-1403. Stellantis’ number for this recall is ZA3.

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  • Wholesale Used Vehicle Prices Inch Up This Month


    Maintaining the trend from October, all eight major market segments saw seasonally adjusted prices that were lower year over year in the first half of November. - Graphic: Cox Automotive

    Maintaining the trend from October, all eight major market segments saw seasonally adjusted prices that were lower year over year in the first half of November.

    Graphic: Cox Automotive

    Wholesale used-vehicle prices (on a mix-, mileage-, and seasonally adjusted basis) increased 0.4% from October in the first 15 days of November, according to the mid-month Manheim Used Vehicle Value Index released Nov. 17, which rose to 200.7.

    That was down 13.7% from November 2021. The non-adjusted price change in the first half of November declined 0.8% compared to October, moving the unadjusted average price down 11.7% year over year. 

    Over the last two weeks, Manheim Market Report (MMR) prices saw fairly normal declines for the time of year, resulting in a 1.1% cumulative decline in the Three-Year-Old MMR Index, which represents the largest model-year cohort at auction. During the first 15 days of November, MMR Retention, which is the average difference in price relative to current MMR, averaged 98.4%, which indicates that valuation models are ahead of market prices.

    The average daily sales conversion rate of 50.7% in the first half of November declined relative to October’s daily average of 51.3%. Still, conversion rates typically decline in November, and the conversion rate was similar to the daily average in November 2019. The latest trends in key indicators suggest wholesale used-vehicle values should decline in line with normal trends in the second half of November.

    Maintaining the trend from October, all eight major market segments saw seasonally adjusted prices that were lower year over year in the first half of November. Compact cars had the lowest decline at -9.5%, while sports cars, vans, pickups and midsize cars lost less compared to the overall industry in seasonally adjusted year-over-year changes. Compared to October, five major segments saw price increases, with full-size, luxury and midsize cars lower than the industry. Only sports cars and vans showed unadjusted price increases versus October.

    Retail and Wholesale Days’ Supply Normal in Mid-November

    Using estimates based on vAuto data as of Nov. 14, used retail days’ supply was 49 days, which was down two days from the end of October. Days’ supply was up seven days year over year but even with the same week in 2019. Leveraging Manheim sales and inventory data, Cox estimates that wholesale supply will end November at 28 days, unchanged from the end of October but up eight days year over year. As of Nov. 15, wholesale supply was at 28 days, unchanged from the end of October but up seven days yersus year over year and one day lower than at the same time in 2019. Used supply measured in days’ supply and compared to 2019 suggests supply is normal for this time of year, which indicates that depreciation should be normal for the time of year as well.

    Rental Risk Prices Mixed, Mileage Down in First Two Weeks of November

    The average price for rental risk units sold at auction in the first 15 days of November was up 1.5% year over year. Rental risk prices were down 0.3% compared to the full month of October. Average mileage for rental risk units in the first half of October (at 55,400 miles) was down 26.8% compared to a year ago and down 2.9% month over month.

    Consumer Sentiment Measures Mixed to Start November

    The initial October reading on Consumer Sentiment from the University of Michigan declined 8.7% to 54.7 as views of current conditions fell even more, and future expectations also declined. Expected inflation rates increased slightly. Consumers’ views of buying conditions for vehicles declined but was still the second-best reading since March. June was the all-time low in the reading. The daily index of consumer sentiment from Morning Consult reflects that sentiment is trending higher to start the month. The timelier measure indicated consumer sentiment was up 2.3% in the first 15 days of November. This lower measure coincided with declining gas prices in early November, an improving stock market and a relatively calm mid-term election.

    Originally posted on Vehicle Remarketing

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  • New car PCP costs rise by more than 40%, finds WhatCar?

    Monthly payments on new car finance contracts have risen by more than 40% on some models since 2019, according to research by What Car?.

    Research by What Car?’s team of Target Price mystery shoppers compared typical finance deals between five models currently on sale and in 2019.

    It found average monthly personal contract purchase (PCP) payments had risen by at least 22.4% across the sample models, with petrol and hybrid variants of the Volvo XC40 recording a 42.5% rise in average monthly payments.

    The five models compared were the Ford Puma, Mini Hatchback, Seat Ateca, Volkswagen Golf and Volvo XC40, all which have been on sale in their current guises since 2019.

    All models had also recorded at least an 11.0% rise in list prices, plus interest rates had risen in all examples – and even tripled for one.

    Steve Huntingford, What Car? editor, said: “PCP finance is the most popular choice for new car buyers, but the differences between the offers available today show the importance in doing your research to compare deals and consider other options such as bank loans when financing a vehicle.

    “The car industry is not immune to the challenges of Covid, semiconductor shortages and now energy price increases, and they have combined to cause a significant amount of turmoil in the new car market.

    “However, the price rises are not universal, nor always applicable to finance and cash purchases, so it’s still possible to get a tempting deal if you shop around or use our free new car buying service.”

    While three of the five models compared were cheaper to buy via finance than cash in 2019, all five models cost more to buy via finance to-date.

    However, despite rising interest rates and costs, What Car?’s team of mystery shoppers found some new cars remain cheaper to buy on finance.

    For instance, buyers opting for a 42-month PCP deal on a Toyota C-HR 1.8 Hybrid Icon CVT stand to save 4.6% over the list price when financing the vehicle, due to a finance deposit contribution of up to £1250 and low interest rate of 1.9%. The cash saving equates to £1362 over the 42-month ownership cycle.

    Similarly, the Ford Ecosport 1.0 Ecoboost 125 Titanium and the BMW 5 Series 530d xDrive M Sport work out cheaper than their original list price when purchased using PCP finance, with 3.8% and 2.1% savings, equating to £887 and £1202 over the list price, respectively.

    Ford, the UK new car market leader by volume year-to-date (YTD), is back with a range of 0% retail offers to tempt customers to close out 2022.

    For GREAT deals on a new or used Harley check out Death Valley Harley TODAY!


  • 2024 Subaru Impreza teases its new grille

    There’s an all-new 2024 Subaru Impreza headed to the LA Auto Show. The brand teased the hatchback’s silhouette about a week ago, giving away nothing else of what’s to come. Now there’s a teaser image of the new grille and a couple of blurbs on Facebook and the Subaru retail web site. The grille design posted to Subaru USA’s Facebook page makes a better first impression than the grille on the current Impreza, which is as anonymous as John Doe. A set of serrated strakes fill the opening beneath a crossbar bearing the automaker’s Pleiades badge. We’re given a glimpse of the reshaped bumper at the edge of the hatch and a new headlight design with lenses that jut from the sheetmetal. 

    The website encourages us to stay tuned for “high-tech upgrades, exciting new features, and restyled design.” The Facebook caption says the reveal will feature Bucky Lasek and his daughter Paris Lasek. Bucky is the former X Games skateboarder turned rallycross driver, competing with Subaru Rally Team USA from 2012 to 2016. Many take the LA reunion to mean Subaru’s prepped at least one trim of the 2024 Impreza that will be more exciting than any offered now; Bucky left the team when the Impreza and the WRX shared a name, his car the Impreza WRX STI. The two cars still share a platform, so there’s plenty of room for high-tech upgrades and exciting new features. It would be a shame to drag a racer out of retirement to launch a commuter appliance.  

    The current lineup counts three sedan and four hatchback trims. It’s not clear if the lack of any sedan references means the trunked car’s days are toast come 2024. Answers are but a few days away.

    Related video:


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  • Junkyard Gem: 1980 Honda Accord Sedan

    In 1975, Toyota, Mazda and Datsun each offered Americans four different car models. Even Fiat had three different models to sell here that year, but the only car American Honda dealers carried at that time was the Civic. The following model year, Honda introduced a brand-new car that was bigger, better-equipped, and more powerful than the tiny Civic: the Accord. Those first-generation 1976-1980 Accords sold like mad, turning the America Honda Motor Company into a major automotive player on our shores. Here’s one of those history-laden Accords, finally retired at age 42 in a Denver self-service car graveyard.

    Related: 2023 Honda Accord first look

    For the first couple of years, the Accord was available here just as a three-door hatchback. For 1978, the Accord four-door sedan appeared, ready to do battle with cramped rear-wheel-drive four-doors.

    The first-generation Accords were powered by Honda’s CVCC-equipped E-series four-cylinder engines. This one has a 1.75-liter version, sending 72 horsepower to the front wheels. That doesn’t sound like much, but this car’s curb weight was a mere 2,130 pounds (about the same as a new 78-horse Mitsubishi Mirage and about 1,000 pounds lighter than the 2022 Accord). By 1980 standards, the Accord was reasonably quick.

    The CVCC system ran so clean that Honda didn’t need to put a catalytic converter on this car. That meant that 1980 Accord owners could run cheap leaded gas (which remained available for on-highway use here through 1995). This is a 49-state car, not legal for sale new in California or at elevations above 4,000 feet (1,280 feet lower than the car’s current parking spot).

    The CVCC system, which involved separate rich/lean combustion chambers and a puzzling two-in-one carburetor, became unworkably complex by the middle 1980s. In 1980, the vacuum-hose tangle hadn’t become too intimidating (compared to the “Map of the Universe” rigs of 1985). CVCC was still the envy of the automotive world, though electronic fuel injection would soon shove it aside.

    You wouldn’t know it from this car, which baked in the sun for decades before coming here, but the first-generation Accord’s interior was very nice for one found in such an affordable car.

    The 1980 Accord sedan’s list of standard features was impressive for the time. Power steering, tachometer, clock, trip odometer, intermittent wipers, tinted glass, remote side mirror, and tinted glass were all included at no extra cost. Those orange rectangles below the odometer are the maintenance-reminder indicators, which the shop was supposed to reset after servicing (few did).

    This one even has air conditioning and what may be the original AM/FM/cassette radio.

    A five-speed manual transmission — reasonably sporty hardware for 1980 — was standard equipment, and that’s what’s in this car. The weird two-speed Hondamatic transmission was still offered, though Honda introduced a true three-speed automatic in the Accord that year (new Civics with Hondamatics were available here all the way through 1983).

    This pinstriping appears to have been applied early in the car’s life. I’m pretty sure it wasn’t a factory option.

    These cars were extremely rust-prone, though this once doesn’t have horrible rot in the usual places. The sun burned the paint off in spots and rain and snow did their work while this car sat in a field or driveway for at least 20 years.

    The MSRP on this car was $6,515, or about $24,810 in 2022 dollars. The Volkswagen Dasher (known as the Passat elsewhere at the time) was the 1980 competitor most mechanically similar to the Accord, and it cost $7,790 for a five-door hatchback. Toyota’s Corolla sedan was a bit smaller and its rear-wheel-drive layout gave it a claustrophobia-inducing interior, but you could buy it for just $4,298. Meanwhile, the roomier Chevy Citation compact sedan could be purchased for just $5,378 with a V6 engine.

    I think the 51,772 miles showing on this car’s odometer might be the true final mileage reading, because it takes many years for an interior to get this nuked.

    As the world is getting bigger, so must Honda.

    In its homeland, the Accord was considered a substantial luxury car. Starting with the 1982 model year, many US-market Accords would be built in Ohio.

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  • Fleet Demand Expected to Exceed Vehicle Availability in CY-2023

    November 7, 2022

    The 120th State of the Fleet Industry video produced by Automotive Fleet offers insights into the state of the fleet market as presented by AF Editor Mike Antich.

    🎙Today’s topics include:

    • Fleet managers anticipate vehicle availability will incrementally increase in calendar-year 2023, but this will be partially offset by the fact that total end-user demand will continue to exceed vehicle availability.
    • OEM fleet ordering allocation systems are limiting fleet buyers to fewer vehicles than they requested, causing unordered vehicles to be carried over to the next model year.
    • Ultimately these units that have been carried over into the next model-year will need to be replaced. But eliminating this pent-up demand will take a while.
    • Eventually, the industry is going to find equilibrium between vehicle production and end-user demand, but unfortunately that doesn’t look like it will happen in calendar-year 2023.

    Make sure you’re signed up for the AF newsletter so you don’t miss another State of the Fleet Industry video.

    📰 Sign up for the Automotive Fleet newsletter.

    🤝 Follow and connect with Automotive Fleet on social media!

    🎧 Prefer to listen? Check out the State of the Fleet Industry podcast!

    Timestamps 
    0:00 Intro

    0:27 Will vehicle availability incrementally increase in 2023?

    1:00 OEM ordering allocation systems limit fleet buyers

    1:26 Units been carried over into next MY will need to be replaced

    5:20 Finding an equilibrium between vehicle production and user demand


  • October Fleet Sales Up Nearly 49% YOY


    Sales into rental and commercial were both up 58% year over year, while sales into government fleets were down just slightly at 0.3%. - Graphic: Cox Automotive

    Sales into rental and commercial were both up 58% year over year, while sales into government fleets were down just slightly at 0.3%.

    Graphic: Cox Automotive

    Sales into large fleets, not including sales into dealer and manufacturer fleets, increased 21% month over month in October to 148,721 units, according to an early estimate from Cox Automotive released Nov. 4.

    Combined sales into large rental, commercial, and government fleets were up nearly 49% year over year in October. Sales into rental and commercial were both up 58% year over year, while sales into government fleets were down just slightly at 0.3%. 

    Fleet Share of Retail Sales Increases

    Including an estimate for fleet deliveries into dealer and manufacturer channels, the remaining retail new-vehicle sales were estimated to be up 5.9%, leading to an estimated retail sales pace, or seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR), of 12.8 million, up 0.9 million from last month’s pace, or 7.4%, and up 1.2 million, or 10.3%, from last year’s pace. The total fleet market share was 14.1% in October, a 1.9% gain from last month and a 2.9% gain from last year. For context, total fleet sales volume was 227,602 units in October 2019, representing a 17.1% share of total retail sales.

    “In October, we saw a slight uptick in fleet share month over month,” said Charlie Chesbrough, senior economist of Cox Automotive, in a news release. “It’s too soon to tell, but this could be the beginning of some manufacturers leveraging the fleet ‘relief valve’ by shifting more of their sales to fleet as they see retail sales soften a bit due to consumers facing economic uncertainly and affordability concerns.”

    Among manufacturers, GM had the largest fleet increase over last year, followed by Stellantis and Ford. Meanwhile, Kia and Hyundai had the largest fleet declines compared to a year ago.

    Originally posted on Vehicle Remarketing


  • Monaghan Bros opens Isuzu dealership in Northern Ireland

    Isuzu UK has welcomed Monaghan Bros to its dealer network, expanding the brand’s footprint with a new showroom in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland.

    The opening of the new dealership brings the total number of Isuzu dealers in the UK to 108, with six now located across Northern Ireland.

    Greater Manchester-based Premier Automotive was the 107th dealership to join Isuzu UK’s franchised retail network, in October.

    Monaghan Bros is a family-run business with more than 45 members of staff and some 50 years of experience within the automotive industry.

    The dealership also holds Ford and Hyundai franchises.

    John Armitage, Monaghan Bros sales director, said: “We are thrilled to be joining the Isuzu UK network, with our extensive background in all things automotive, we are confident that we can do the established brand justice. With a large part of our customer base being from trade, construction and farming backgrounds, the Isuzu D-Max is the perfect addition to our product range.”

    The Isuzu D-Max range is available in single, extended or double cab body styles and offers a one-tonne payload and a 3.5-tonne towing capacity.

    Alan Able, brand director at Isuzu UK, added: “We’re excited to be welcoming Monaghan Bros. to the dealer network, with their expertise and knowledge they are more than capable of expanding our coverage within Northern Ireland. Now the Award-Winning Isuzu D-Max pick-up range is much more accessible to Fermanagh and the local surrounding areas, with Monaghan Bros. Isuzu providing the closest hub for sales, aftersales and servicing for over 35 miles.”

    Isuzu welcomed 16 new dealer partners in 2021, with a number coming from the defunct Mitsubishi brand.


  • New and used car prices finally begin to creep down from inflated highs

    DETROIT — All summer long, Aleen Hudson kept looking for a new minivan or SUV for her growing passenger shuttle service.

    She had a good credit rating and enough cash for a down payment. Yet dealerships in the Detroit area didn’t have any suitable vehicles. Or they’d demand she pay $3,000 to $6,000 above the sticker price. Months of frustration left her despondent.

    “I was depressed,” Hudson said. “I was angry, too.”

    A breakthrough arrived in late September, when a dealer called about a 2022 Chrysler Pacifica. At $41,000, it was hardly a bargain. And it wasn’t quite what Hudson wanted. Yet the dealer was asking only slightly above sticker price, and Hudson felt in no position to walk away. She’s back in business with her own van.

    It could have been worse. Hudson made her purchase just as the prices of both new and used vehicles have been inching down from their eye-watering record highs and more vehicles are gradually becoming available at dealerships. Hudson’s van likely would have cost even more a few months ago.

    Not that anyone should expect prices to fall anywhere near where they were before the pandemic recession struck in early 2020. The swift recovery from the recession left automakers short of parts and vehicles to meet demand. Price skyrocketed, and they’ve scarcely budged since.

    Prices on new and used vehicles remain 30% to 50% above where they were when the pandemic erupted. The average used auto cost nearly $31,000 last month. The average new vehicle transaction price: $48,000. With higher prices and loan rates combining to push average monthly payments on a new vehicle above $700, millions of buyers have been priced out of the new-vehicle market and are now confined to used vehicles.

    The high prices are yielding substantial profits for most automakers despite sluggish sales. On Tuesday, for example, General Motors reported that its third-quarter net profit jumped more than 36%, thanks in part to sales of pricey pickup trucks and large SUVs.

    Still, as Hudson discovered, many vehicles are becoming slightly more affordable. Signs first emerged weeks ago in the 40-million-sales-a-year used market. As demand waned and inventories rose, prices eased from their springtime heights.

    CarMax said it sold nearly 15,000 fewer vehicles last quarter than it had a year earlier. The CEO of the used-vehicle company, based in Richmond, Virginia, pointed to inflation, higher borrowing rates and diminished consumer confidence.

    A “buyer’s strike” is how Adam Joans, an auto analyst at Morgan Stanley, characterized the sales drops — a dynamic that typically foretells lower prices. And indeed, the average used vehicle price in September was down 1% from its May peak, according to Edmunds.com.

    At AutoNation, the nation’s largest dealership chain, sales of used vehicles and profit-per-vehicle both dropped last quarter. CEO Mike Manley noted that while the supply of vehicles remains low, used-auto prices are declining.

    “Our analysis shows that we are coming off the high values that we saw before,” Manley told analysts Thursday.

    Ivan Drury, director of insights at Edmunds cautioned that it will take years for used prices to fall close to their pre-pandemic levels. Since 2020, automakers haven’t been leasing as many cars, thereby choking off one key source of late-model used vehicles.

    Similarly, rental companies haven’t been able to buy many new vehicles. So eventually, they are selling fewer autos into the used market. That’s crimped another source of vehicles. And because used cars aren’t sitting long on dealer lots, demand remains strong enough to prop up prices.

    When auto prices first soared two years ago, lower-income buyers were elbowed out of the new-vehicle market. Eventually, many of them couldn’t afford even used autos. People with subprime credit scores (620 or below) bought only 5% of used vehicles last month, down from nearly 9% before the pandemic. That indicated that many lower-income households could no longer afford any vehicles, said J.D. Power Vice President Tyson Jominy.

    Higher borrowing rates have compounded the problem. In January 2020, shortly before the pandemic hit, used-vehicle buyers paid an average of 8.4% annual interest, according to Edmunds. Monthly payments averaged $412. By last month, the average rate had reached 9.2%. And because prices had risen for over two years, the average payment had jumped to $567.

    The 1% average drop in used prices will help financially secure buyers with solid credit scores who can qualify for lower loan rates. But for those with poor credit and lower incomes, any price drop will be wiped out by higher borrowing costs.

    The new-vehicle market, by contrast, has become an option mainly for affluent buyers. Automakers are increasingly deploying scarce computer chips to make costly, loaded-out versions of pickups, SUVs and other outsize vehicles, typically with relatively low gas mileage. Last month, the average price of a new vehicle was down slightly from August but remained more than $11,000 above its level in January 2020.

    Glenn Mears, who runs five dealerships south of Canton, Ohio, says the Federal Reserve’s interest rate hikes, by contributing to pricier auto loans, are slowing his showroom traffic.

    “We can feel some pullback,” he said.

    Analysts generally say that with shortages of computer chips and other parts still hobbling factories, new-vehicle prices won’t likely fall substantially. But further modest price drops may be likely. The availability of vehicles on U.S. dealer lots improved to nearly 1.4 million vehicles last month, up from 1 million for most of the year, Cox Automotive reported.

    Before the pandemic, normal supply was far higher — around 4 million. So historically speaking, inventory remains tight and demand still high. Like Hudson, many buyers are still stuck paying sticker price or above.

    “It’s extraordinarily expensive these days,” said Jominy, who estimates that there are still 5 million U.S. customers waiting to buy new vehicles.

    Despite recent stock market declines, many such buyers have built up wealth, especially in their homes, and are rewarding themselves with high-end autos. In the San Francisco Bay area, for example, notes Inder Dosanjh, who runs a 20-dealership group that includes General Motors, Ford, Acura, Volkswagen and Stellantis brands, many people have received substantial pay raises.

    “There’s just a lot of money out there,” he said.

    In its earnings report Tuesday, GM noted that its customer demand is holding up. Though GM and other automakers would like to produce more vehicles, at the moment they are benefiting from slower production, which typically means higher prices and profits.

    John Lawler, Ford’s chief financial officer, noted Wednesday that near-record new-vehicle prices were starting to decline. And consumer appetites are starting to change: Demand for midrange vehicles, he said, has begun to outpace more profitable autos loaded with options.

    Next year could be a turning point, suggested Jeff Windau, an analyst at Edward Jones. With the economy likely to weaken and possibly enter a recession, prices could fall “as consumers become more focused on their financial situation and what they’re willing to bite off from a payment perspective.”